A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a bacterial infection that affects any part of the urinary tract. Although urine contains a variety of fluids, salts, and waste products, it usually does not have bacteria in it.[1] When bacteria get into the bladder or kidney and multiply in the urine, they cause a UTI. The most common type of UTI is a bladder infection which is also often called cystitis. Another kind of UTI is a kidney infection, known as pyelonephritis, and is much more serious. Although they cause discomfort, urinary tract infections are usually quickly and easily treated by seeing a doctor promptly.[2]

Common organisms that cause UTIs include: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Less common organisms include Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas and Enterococcus spp.

A mnemonic that can be used to remember the bacteria that cause UTIs is SEEK PP (Staph saprophyticus, E. coli, Enterococcus, Klebsiella, Proteus, Pseudomonas).

For Bladder Infections

Frequent urination along with the feeling of having to urinate even though little or no urine actually comes out.
Nocturia: Need to urinate during the night.
Urethritis: Discomfort or pain at the urethral meatus or a burning sensation throughout the urethra with urination (dysuria).
Cystitis: Pain in the midline suprapubic region.
Pyuria/Hematuria: Pus or blood in urine.
Pyrexia: Mild fever
Discharge from the urethra.
Cloudy and foul-smelling urine
Increased confusion and associated falls are common presentations to Emergency Departments for elderly patients with UTI.
Some urinary tract infections are asymptomatic.

For Kidney Infections

The above symptoms.
Emesis: Vomiting is common.
Back, side (flank) or groin pain.
Abdominal pain or pressure.
Shaking chills and high spiking fever.
Night Sweats.
Extreme Fatigue.